That means that it will convert 100% of electricity into heat. COP value simply tells us how much useful heat we can get from ‘burning’ electricity.Īny electric furnace or electric space heater will have a COP value of 1. The most important specification for the energy efficiency of any heat pump is the COP value (Coefficient Of Performance). We will start by looking at the relationship between the effectiveness of heat pumps (COP) and temperature, how the HSPF rating is calculated based on that, and what are the minimum operating temperatures: Coefficient Of Performance (COP) At Lower Temperatures However, we think it is essential for everyone looking to buy a cold climate heat pump (CCHP) to understand the basic metrics you should look at before you buy the HVAC unit itself. Skip To 5 Best Cold Climate Heat Pumps In 2022 You can skip to the complete list of the best-spec low-temperature heat pumps, complete with individual reviews here: The comparison of minimum operating temperatures, COP (Coefficient Of Performance) and hence HSPF ratings (Heating Seasonal Performance Factor), alongside the available BTU output, is essential in order to tell which are high-efficiency heat pumps that work efficiently in cold weather. You will find a spec-by-spec analysis of the top 5 best low-temperature heat pumps in a comparison table below. “Cold climate heat pumps (CCHPs) can provide high-efficiency heating in freezing temperatures without producing greenhouse gas emissions and can save families as much as $500 a year on their utility bills.” ( DOE of CCHP savings) The whole point of choosing a good heat pump for a cold climate is again neatly laid out by the DOE: Currently, these are the most energy-efficient mini split heat pumps for cold climates, and the best HVAC choice for both cooling and, importantly, heating. We are going to check the newest 5 heat pumps for cold temperatures with a minimum operating temperature (MOT) from -13☏ to up to -22☏. For newer models, this can range from between -15☌ to -25☌.”
However, as the Canadian HVAC authorities (Canadians have to be better equipped for cold climates) point out very well, “It is important to note that the vast majority of air-source heat pumps have a minimum operating temperature, below which they are unable to operate. 1 con of heat pumps is low efficiency at very low temperatures. However, in recent years, air-source heat pump technology has advanced so that it now offers a legitimate space heating alternative in colder regions.” ( US Department Of Energy on Low Temperature Heat Pumps)Īs we have pointed out in our article about the disadvantages of heat pumps here, the No. “Air-source heat pumps have been used for many years in nearly all parts of the United States, except in areas that experienced extended periods of subfreezing temperatures. Here is how the DOE describes how good low-temperature heat pumps have become: On Photo: #2 Senville AURA Arctic Heat Series (check the list below). However, new mini split heat pumps for cold weather will be able to maintain the efficiency above 100% even at -15☏.Įxample of a mini split heat pump with 75% efficiency at extremely low -22☏. In below zero temperatures, standard heat pumps COP will fall below 1.Best low-temperature heat pumps will achieve 188% efficiency (COP = 1.88) even at 0☏.
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